What is Larynx Cancer?

Larynx cancer, also known as laryngeal cancer, is a type of head and neck cancer that starts in the tissues of the larynx (voice box). The larynx is a vital structure located in the throat that helps with breathing, speaking, and swallowing. Most laryngeal cancers are squamous cell carcinomas, arising from the thin, flat cells lining the larynx.

Types of Larynx Cancer

• Glottic Cancer: Begins in the vocal cords — the most common and often caught early due to voice changes.
• Supraglottic Cancer: Occurs above the vocal cords and may involve the epiglottis.
• Subglottic Cancer: Found beneath the vocal cords and tends to be more advanced when diagnosed.

Global Statistics (2024)

• Roughly 180,000 new cases are diagnosed globally each year.
• More common in men over 55, but rates are increasing in women due to tobacco use.
• Smoking and alcohol are the most significant risk factors.
• The 5-year survival rate is approximately 60% but varies greatly by stage and location.

Symptoms

• Hoarseness or voice changes lasting more than 2 weeks
• Persistent sore throat or cough
• Difficulty or pain while swallowing
• Ear pain without infection
• Lump or swelling in the neck
• Shortness of breath or noisy breathing (stridor)

Risk Factors

• Tobacco Use: Smoking or chewing tobacco is the leading risk factor.
• Alcohol: Heavy alcohol consumption, especially with tobacco use, increases risk.
• HPV Infection: Certain strains, like HPV-16, are linked to laryngeal cancer.
• Occupational Exposure: Asbestos, wood dust, and chemicals can increase risk.
• Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD): Chronic acid reflux may contribute.

Diagnosis

• Laryngoscopy: A scope is used to visually inspect the larynx.
• Biopsy: Tissue samples are taken to confirm cancer type and grade.
• Imaging: CT, MRI, or PET scans are used to determine spread and staging.
• Stroboscopy: Evaluates vocal cord function.

Treatment Options

• Surgery: Options range from vocal cord excision to total laryngectomy (removal of the larynx).
• Radiation Therapy: Often used for early-stage cancers or post-surgery to prevent recurrence.
• Chemotherapy: Used in combination with radiation or for advanced/metastatic disease.
• Targeted Therapy: Medications like cetuximab may be used in certain cases.
• Rehabilitation: Speech therapy and voice prostheses play a key role after treatment.

Prognosis

• When diagnosed early, treatment is highly effective and voice preservation is possible.
• Later stages may involve removal of the larynx and permanent stoma (breathing hole in the neck).
• Survivorship involves adjustment, rehabilitation, and regular monitoring for recurrence.

Prevention & Awareness

• Quit Smoking: The single most effective way to reduce risk.
• Limit Alcohol: Especially important when combined with tobacco use.
• HPV Vaccination: May help lower risk in younger individuals.
• Early Detection: Pay attention to persistent voice changes or throat discomfort.

You Are Not Alone

At Tutti Cancer Warriors, we stand by your side in every breath, every word, and every fight. Whether you’ve lost your voice or are reclaiming your power, your story matters — and we’re here to amplify it.

“Strength is found in every step, no matter the voice behind it.” – Tutti Cancer Warriors

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Disclaimer: This content is for informational purposes and does not replace professional medical advice. Please consult your doctor for personalized care.