Back to library
Esophageal Cancer
Cancer in the tube connecting the throat to the stomach (esophagus).
Understanding Esophageal Cancer
Often linked to smoking, heavy alcohol use, and chronic acid reflux (Barrett's esophagus). Two main types: squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma.
Alert Symptoms
- Difficulty or pain swallowing (dysphagia), getting worse over time.
- Unintended weight loss.
- Chest pain, pressure, or burning.
- Worsening heartburn or indigestion.
- Chronic cough or hoarseness.
- Vomiting, sometimes with blood.
Multimodal Approach
Often requires a combination of therapies for best results.
Esophagectomy
Surgery to remove the affected part of the esophagus and reconnect the stomach.
Chemoradiotherapy
Combined use of chemo and radiation, often before surgery.
Sources and medical information
Prepared by Tutti Cancer Warriors
Sources checked: 29 July 2026
This page provides general educational information and does not replace medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. The two main oesophageal cancer types are squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma. Seek medical advice for progressive difficulty swallowing, pain when swallowing, unexplained weight loss, persistent chest discomfort, hoarseness, cough or vomiting blood. Sudden inability to swallow or significant bleeding needs urgent care. The global figures are GLOBOCAN 2024 estimates published in July 2026 and cannot predict an individual outcome.
Official sources
Key Facts
494KLatest estimated new cases worldwide — 2024 data published in 2026
442KLatest estimated deaths worldwide — 2024 data published in 2026