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Malignant Mesothelioma
A rare cancer of the tissue lining the chest, lungs or abdomen, most often linked to asbestos exposure.
Understanding mesothelioma
Mesothelioma begins in the mesothelium, the thin tissue that lines certain organs and body cavities. It most often develops in the lining around the lungs and chest wall (pleural mesothelioma) or in the abdominal lining (peritoneal mesothelioma). Less common forms can begin around the heart or in the tissue surrounding a testicle. Asbestos exposure is the major established risk factor, and the disease may appear many years after exposure.
Possible signs and symptoms
- Shortness of breath or trouble breathing
- A persistent cough
- Pain under the ribs or in the chest
- Abdominal pain, swelling or a new lump
- Unexplained weight loss
- Persistent fatigue or reduced energy
Treatment and care
Treatment depends on where the cancer began, its type and stage, whether it can be removed, overall health and personal preferences. Care is usually planned by a specialist multidisciplinary team.
Surgery and local treatment
Selected people with disease that can be removed may be offered surgery. Radiation therapy or procedures to manage fluid around the lungs or abdomen may also be used in suitable situations.
Systemic and supportive treatment
Chemotherapy, immunotherapy or other medicines may be recommended depending on the diagnosis. Symptom control, breathing support, pain relief and palliative care can be important at every stage.
Sources and medical information
Sources checked: 28 July 2026
This page provides general education and does not replace medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Breathing difficulty, chest pain or abdominal swelling can have many causes, but persistent or worsening symptoms should be medically assessed. Tell your clinician about any known or possible asbestos exposure.
Official sources
Key Facts
PleuraThe lining around the lungs and chest is the most common site
AsbestosThe major established risk factor for mesothelioma