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Vaginal & Vulvar Cancer
Rare gynecologic cancers affecting external genitals and birth canal.
Overview
Vulvar cancer affects the external female genital area, while vaginal cancer affects the internal canal. Both are rare and often linked to HPV infection or advancing age.
Symptoms to Watch
- Persistent itching or burning on the vulva that doesn't improve.
- Pain or tenderness in the genital area.
- Bleeding not related to menstruation (vaginal).
- Skin changes on vulva like color or thickness.
- A lump, mass, or open sore on the vulva.
- Pain when urinating or during sex.
Treatment Options
Treatment depends on location and stage, focusing on preserving function when possible.
Surgery (Excision or Vulvectomy)
Removal of cancerous tissue and a margin of healthy tissue.
Radiation & Chemotherapy
Often used together for more advanced tumors.
Sources and medical information
Prepared by Tutti Cancer Warriors
Sources checked: 29 July 2026
This page provides general educational information and does not replace medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Vaginal cancer is rare and differs from cervical, vulvar or uterine cancer that has spread to the vagina. Seek medical advice for unusual bleeding, bleeding after sex or menopause, unusual discharge, a vaginal lump, painful urination, constipation or persistent pelvic pain. The global figures are GLOBOCAN 2024 estimates published in July 2026 and cannot predict an individual outcome.
Official sources
Key Facts
18KLatest estimated new cases worldwide — 2024 data published in 2026
7.5KLatest estimated deaths worldwide — 2024 data published in 2026